03

Threat Level Assessments

A Working Language for Women’s Safety

After 911, the aviation community established a system to assess threats in the airplane called threat levels. It included a checklist and a common working language to ensure all stakeholders had a common language which they could use to properly assess the situation and plan a course of action. Women can use a similar system to assesses their own personal safety.

The terms we use are Expectation Bias, Undesirable State of Safety and Situational Awareness. An expectation bias is making decisions based on past history rather than what you are currently experiencing. An Undesirable State of Safety is a situation that will probably result in serious personal harm unless immediate steps are taken. Situational Awareness is simply being aware of the resources nearby you could employ to help.

“Old pilots use skill and cunning to avoid getting in situations that require skill and cunning”

Threat Level One

Definition: Disruptive behavior.

Examples

Irrational behavior that creates the potential for physical conflict. Nonviolent threatening behavior, verbal harassment, inebriation and threats directed at you.

1.

Discard any expectation bias such as “I never had a problem in this place” That doesn’t mean you’ll never have a problem. “We were just minding our own business.” Minding your own business does nothing to ensure your safety. “He seemed so nice” That doesn’t mean he is nice. The sooner you discard the expectation bias, the more prepared you’ll be to respond.

2.

Get your phone out and be prepared to call for help. Look around for potential helpers. Is there any law enforcement around you or nearby? Is there anyone around who looks like they would help. Is anyone else aware of what is going on? Monitor the situation for any escalation and prepare to leave. If your credit card, wallet or phone is out, put them away and prepare for a quick exit if necessary.

3.

Review procedures and prepare for Threat Level Two

Threat Level Two

Definition: Physically abusive behavior.

Examples

Anyone touching you, pushing you, hitting or grabbing you.

1.

Recognize this is an Undesirable State of Safety and you must extricate yourself immediately. Use Situation Awareness to assess the best way to get away. Is an exit nearby?  Is there a bus, taxi or Uber nearby? If you can not get away, do your best to call attention to the situation. Make a lot of noise. Scream at him to stop. Do not be afraid to exaggerate the threat. If possible, seek assistance from helpers you identified in Level One to help you get away.

2.

Review the four places to strike him suggested in step 2 of Threat Level Three.

Threat Level Three

Definition: Life Threatening Behavior.

Examples

Someone has a weapon. They have their hands around your neck or are restricting your movements.

1.

Call for help. Yell for police. Yell rape! (It doesn’t matter what he is doing) You want to get someone to come to your aid. Exaggerate.

2.

Do not go limp. If you are facing him, jam the palm of your hand into his nose. Knee him in the groin. If you can get one of his fingers (the thumb is best) grab it bending it back as far as you can. If he has you from behind, move your hips aside, make a fist and use your elbow to give him a kidney punch. These are all very painful and are designed to stop him long enough for you to get away.

3.

As an absolutely last resort, if you are unable to hurt him in any way, grab your chest, stick your tongue out, go totally limp and pretend you are having a heart attack. Someone may want to hurt you, they may want to rape you, but odds are they are not going to want a dead body on their hands.

4.

If possible do your best to identify his physical characteristics - hair color, eye color, height, weight, tattoos, etc.

General Thoughts

You don’t have to do these in order. Obviously, you could immediately find your self in a threat level 3 and take the appropriate action. However, once you identify a threat level, it is imperative you follow the checklist to a conclusion. You don’t need to be paranoid, but you should always be aware of who is around you, especially when traveling. Pay attention to who might be listening to your conversations. When I was traveling around the world, I always carried a copy of the local newspaper so I would look like a local. Keep in mind facing an abuser might be new to you but this person may do this all the time. He probably is not used to getting pushback. Also, I think have a checklist like this will give women more of a sense of being in control.

To illustrate this in a real life situation I use an excerpt from my novel, Fool, Anticipation about a woman who gets date raped. World War II has just ended and 19 year old Rose Doyle, with the prodding of her friends has accepted a date with a soldier she talked to at the park a few days earlier. (The highlighted areas are things Rose should have given more weight to, rather than ignoring.)


Ready for the next step?

Learn more through Examples